克里署名文章：妇女对于和平与安全至关重要

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<article><section data-type="rtext">妇女对于和平与安全至关重要约翰·克里国际妇女节(International Women's Day)不仅仅是日历上标出的一个日子。这不仅是一个让我们重新下定决心把这个世界建设得更和平、更繁荣的日子——也是一个让我们认识到一个妇女拥有更多机遇的世界，也是一个更有可能实现和平繁荣稳定的世界的日子。妇女在我们实现繁荣、稳定与和平的共同目标时发挥着关键作用。不论是在结束战事中还是在助推经济中，这都千真万确。事实是，妇女在战争中扛起了最重的担子，但在和平谈判中却极少听到她们的声音。这种状况必须得到改变。重视妇女并赋予她们自主权以使她们全面参与决策的国家会更加稳定、繁荣和安全。反之亦然。当妇女被排斥在谈判之外时，谈判达成的和平往往脆弱不堪。信任会被侵蚀，人权和问责往往会被弃之不顾。
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 在不计其数的国家中，制定协约的双方都是武装人员。因此，所有和平协议中有一半以上在签署的头10年内都会被撕毁，这就毫不出人意料了。而将妇女纳入和平建设及防止冲突的努力中则能扭转这种趋势。那么，我们怎样才能做到呢？世界各地的实例表明，当妇女参与时，才有可能制止致命的冲突并全力打造及保卫和平。我们必须将妇女视为平等的合作伙伴。这就是我们正在努力支持全世界冲突与后冲突地区的妇女的原因。在阿富汗，我们正在倡导接纳并选举妇女担任政府各级官员。阿富汗妇女今天正在以短短10年前还无法想见的方式向前迈进。她们正在开办公司。她们担任着议会议员。她们在学校任教并当上了医生和护士。她们是建设阿富汗的前景的基石。在缅甸人民努力解决困扰缅甸几十年的冲突的时候，美国正在支持妇女切实参与和平进程及跨社区的和平计划。我们知道，妇女得到保障对于她们参与和平建设至关重要。因此，我们正在努力在我们开展工作的所有地方确保妇女平等地获得人道主义援助和救助。美国还在以身作则。我姐姐在联合国(United Nations)工作多年，比我早很多年就继承了我们的父亲在国务院任职的传统。她是一位开拓者。但她这样的人不止一个。我们最高层的外交官员及和平谈判代表中有多位女性——从国家安全事务助理(National Security Advisor)苏珊·赖斯(Susan Rice)，到美国常驻联合国代表萨曼莎•鲍尔(Samantha Power)，还有副国务卿海瑟•希金博特姆(Heather Higginbottom)，以及主管政治事务的副国务卿温迪·舍曼(Wendy Sherman)，这绝非巧合。今天，在国务院负责各地区事务的助理国务卿中，只有一位不是女性。我们表彰她们的成就，不仅仅因为她们是女性，而且因为她们在世界各地的工作将让所有人——男性和女性，男孩和女孩——更有保障。和平并不是指不存在冲突，而是指全社会每一名成员都共同努力增进稳定与繁荣。除非每一名公民都享有自主权并能为国家的前途出力，否则任何一个国家都不会取得成功。倘若妇女不被赋予核心作用，那么任何地方的和平都无法持久。因此，我们今天要纪念全世界的妇女所走过的历程——但更重要的是，我们要致力于走完这个征途上未来的里程。附英文原文：Women Key to Peace and SecurityBy John KerryInternational Women’s Day is more than a moment marked on a calendar.  It is a day not simply to renew our determination to make the world a more peaceful and prosperous place – but it is a day to recognize that a world where opportunities for women grow is a world where the possibilities for peace, prosperity, and stability grow even more.Women are vital to our shared goals of prosperity, stability and peace.  That’s as true when it comes to ending our battles as it is jumpstarting our economies. The fact is that women bear the greatest burden in war. But their voices are too rarely heard in negotiating peace.That has to change.Countries that value and empower women to participate fully in decision-making are more stable, prosperous, and secure.  The opposite is also true. When women are excluded from negotiations, the peace that follows is more tenuous.  Trust is eroded, and human rights and accountability are often ignored.In too many countries, treaties are designed by combatants for combatants.  It should come as no surprise, then, that more than half of all peace agreements fail within the first 10 years of signature. The inclusion of women in peace building and conflict prevention can reverse that trend.So how do we get there?Evidence from around the world shows that when women are included, deadly conflict can be prevented and peace is best forged and protected.  We must include women as equal partners.  That’s why we are working to support women in conflict and post-conflict areas around the world.In Afghanistan, we are advocating for the inclusion and election of women at all levels of governance.  Afghan women today are marching forward in ways unimaginable just 10 years ago. They’re starting companies.  They’re serving as members of parliament. They’re teaching in schools and working as doctors and nurses. They are the foundation upon which Afghanistan's future is being built.As the people of Burma work to resolve the conflict that has plagued their nation for decades, the United States is supporting the meaningful participation of women in the peace process and inter-communal peace initiatives.We know that the security of women is essential to their participation in peace building.  That’s why we are working to ensure women get equal access to humanitarian assistance and relief, wherever we work.The United States is leading by example. My sister has worked for many years at the United Nations, following in the State Department footsteps of our father many years before I did myself. She's a trailblazer. But she's not alone. It’s no coincidence that some of our top diplomats and peace negotiators are women – from National Security Advisor Susan Rice, to U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power, to Deputy Secretary of State Heather Higginbottom, to Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Wendy Sherman. Today, all but one of the State Department's Regional Assistant Secretaries are women.We celebrate their accomplishments not just because they are women, but because their work around the world will make all people – men and women, boys and girls – more secure.Peace is not the absence of conflict.  It is the presence of every member of society working together to promote stability and prosperity.No country can succeed unless every citizen is empowered to contribute to its future. And no peace can endure if women are not afforded a central role. So today, we mark the miles women have traveled around the world -- but more importantly we commit to the next miles of the journey.</section></article>

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